Concrete building construction



Dec. 1, 1931- K.- P. BILLNER 1,834,043

CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 18, 1928 2 Sheets-Shee l DCC. 1, 1931. K. P; BILLNER 1,834,043

CONCRETE BUILDING CONS TRUGTION Filed Feb. 18l 1928 2 Shqets-Shee 2 gru/newton 50 vention,

mesas D 1.1931l UNITE!) s'rA'n-:s

'PATENT OFFICE nu PAULI im Ollm ll'. Y., ABBIGHOB T0 TBI (BOIPOBA- TIQI l' m6@ 0l' m You, l'. Y., CORPORATION 0l DELAWARE mlm BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Appunti!!! llell lelmlary 15, 1888. lcal lo. 855,855.

This invention relates to building construction and particularly to comisite construction such as may be useful in, econstruction of floors and roofs. i In the building industry at the present time, one of the great demands is for constructions as for floors and roofs which will have j eat J strength both under shearing stresses an unf der lbending moments. The production of 'l0 light strong constructions saves not only material used but also reduces the weight to be carried which results in ability to build higher buildings on the same foundations orpermits of the use of a smaller and less ex- -15 pensive foundation. n l

The primary object of this invention is the provision of an improved building construction which will combine lightness with strengtlieinV building constructions as for exi $0 ample-in floors, roofs and bridges and com-v ponent arts thereof. Anot er object of my invention is the provision of an improved building construction wherein the main body 'of the construction 55 is of some light material, such as cellular concrete, having cells in its structure and at its surface, strips or blocks so combined and reinforced with relation to cross beams of heavy ordinary concrete that a maximum $0 strength for a minimum weight of construc-v tion is obtained.

Another object of my invention is the provision of an im roved buildin construction wherein the main body of the oor construc- "tion is of plates or beams of light cellular material having cells at its surface, there being supporting portions of concrete, these supporting portions having integral portions between the plates or beams, the surfaces of the cellular material and concrete being joined together by the entry o f the cement into the cells of the surface of the cellular material. Other and further objects of my invention will be ap rent to those skilled in the art from a g of the complete specification and claims.

Referring to the drawings wherein I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of my in- Fig. 1 is a 'cross section of my invention showing the details'of construction.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of a single pre manufactured beam or strip.

Fi 4, 5 and 6 are detail views of the rein orcing means.

In the practicejof my invention, it is found to be desirable to rst construct the sup portingmembers, strips or slabs which am to form the construction. In carrying out lmyinvention, I construct the supportin members at a point distant from `the jo and haul them to the oint where they are to be used. The main od of the supportin members 10 is compose of porous or cel lu ar concrete or otherY light material having openings on the surfaces into which the regular cement or concrete may enter to form, when hard, a single integral structure. Preferably suitable moulds arev provided and the cellular or porous concrete or other liquid substance is poured in. Before this is done, suitable reinforcing means are placed in the moulds.

In the present embodiment of my invention, I have illustrated the supporting member 10 to be used for floor roof orsimzilar construction. Adjacent the place which is to be the bottom of the re-constructed su porting member 10, I ave provided ro s 11. These rods 11 extend substantially the length of the sup orting members 10 and are turned up to crm a U-shaped portion as at y13.

Centrally adjacent the place to be the top, I have provided a reinforcement 14 of a shape similar to the rods 11 butv having the U-shaped portions 15 turned downwardly. The moulds are so shaped that the ends of the sup orting members are of a thickness equal to t e distance between the points a and b on'Fig. 2. I have found a convenient and elicient form for the end of the su Borting members 10 to be as illustrated in igs. 1 and 3 where the end surface 16 slopes downwardly and away from the center of the member. At substantiall right angles `to the surface 16 is an un er contacting surface 17 which supports the end of the member 10 in a recess formed in the concrete of the main cross beams to be described.

In order to hold the reinforcing members 11 and -14 of the support member 10 effectively in position durin the making of the supporting members 10, have provided a series of reinforcements 17* arranged in planes perpendicular to the length of the member as illustrated in Fig. 2. It will be noted that Il have shown the surface 17 in such a position that it contacts on the outside of t e reinforcing members 11 and 14. The reinforcing members 17 are placed at such frequent intervals as is found to be desirable and are secured to the-reinforcements 11 and 14 b v welding or b any suitable method which will insure holding of the rods l1 and 14 in place during manufacture of the supporting members 10. The sides of the supporting member 10 intended to lie next to adjacent supportin members are of special construction. In or er to form a locking key space to be filled with concrete, I provide the cut away ortion illustrated in Fig. 2. At the lower ge, the face ois adjacent to a similar face c on the adjacent sup orting member 10. Above the face c is a s anting face d which extends inwardly and upwardly to meet a face e. This face e, it will be noted, extends upwardly but outwardly so that when the concrete is in place between two supporting members 10, there will be a key action whereby pressure on either member 10 or the key member 18 will be transmitted to the other adjacent members.

The supporting ends of the supporting members are cut away outwardly of a point where they extend into the main cross beams to be described. These cut away portions are formed in the mould and provide substantially parallel surfaces as illustrated at 19 and 20.

In addition to the reinforcements in the supporting members 10, I have provided reinforcements for the concrete 18 in the spaces between the supporting members 10. In the form shown, I provide a reinforcing member 19 for the space between each two supporting members. This reinforcing member 19 extends along adjacent the lower portion of the V-portion of the space between two supporting members 10 and near the ends of the supporting members 10, it extends upwardly and at the ends of the su porting members 10 is adjacent the top. e ends of this reinforcing member extend over and downwardly with upwardly curved portions at the extremities in the spaces between the supporting members of adjacent spans. This is shown in Figs. l and 5.

In the building construction, the supporting members are preferably preconstructed and hauled to the job. They are then supported in place between the lines to be occupied by the main cross beams 20 in which spaces might be I-beams 21 which will form the main reinforcing portions of the main cross beam when the latter is completed.

After the supporting members are in place the reinforcing members are put in place in the spaces between the supporting members and boxes built around the space to be occupied by the beams 20 and of a shape yand design to meet the desired conditions. The concrete is then poured into the boxes and the reinforcing members, 19 to form the main cross beams 20 and the key portions 18, preferably in a single piece.

A great advantage of my structure is that light material replaces heavy material where possible while still retaining the heavy material where it is needed.

When the heavy concrete is poured, it enters' into the cells ofthe cellular concrete or other open material used and forms a solid integral concrete structure.

While I have described and illustrated in detail an embodiment of my invention, I desire to have it understood that I do not limit myself to the exact showing and that modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s 1. A building construction comprising main cross beams provided with recesses, supporting members having ends in the recesses and supported by the cross beams, the supporting members being constructed of cellular concrete and having cut away portions at their sides, and filling means for the cut away portions of adjacent supporting members, a reinforcing means extending adjacent the top of a supporting member and into the lilling means on opposite sides of the main cross beam.

2. A building construction comprising main cross beams provided with recesses, supporting members having ends in the recesses and supported by the cross beams, the supporting members being constructed of cellular concrete and having cut away portions at their sides, and filling means for the cut away portions of adjacent supporting members, a reinforcing means extending adjacent the top of a supporting member and into the filling means on op osite sides of the main cross beam, the maln body of the cross beams and the filling means being concrete and continuous.

3. A building construction comprising main cross beams provided with recesses, supporting members having ends in the recesses and supported by the cross beams, the mem- 1Go A bers being constructed of cellular concrete cross beams, and reinforcing means extendand having cut away portions at their sides, in and filling means for the cut away portions of fil adjacent supporting members, a reinforcing means extending adjacent the top,` of a supsignature.

porting member and into the filling means on opposite sides of the main cross beam, the cutaway portions being of'such shape that the filling means forms a key thereby locking adjacent supporting members together.

4. A building construction comprising main cross beams provided with recesses, supporting members having ends in the recesses and each having a main body of cellular concrete and having cut away portions along two sides and having reinforcing members in the lower portion and having reinforcement adjacent the upper surface, filling means for thev Cut away portions, reinforcing members extending adjacent the top of the main cross beams and extending linto the filling means for the cut away portions.

5. A building construction comprising main cross beams provided with recesses, supporting members having ends in the recesses and each having a main bodyof cellular concrete and having cut away portions along two sides andhaving reinforcing members within -the lower portion and having reinforcement adjacent the upper surface, filling means for the cut away portions, reinforcing members extending adjacent the top'of the main cross beams and extendinginto the filling means for the cut away portions, reinforcing members extending adjacent the top of the main cross beams and extending into the filling means for the cut away portions, the main cross beams havinga structural steel reinforcement therewithin.

6. A building construction comprising two cross beams, elongated supporting members of cellular concrete of sufiicientlength to extend between the two cross beams and having spaces between their adjacent sides, filling means in the spaces and extending around the ends of the supporting members and being integral with the cross beams.

7. A building construction comprising cross beams, elongated supporting members of cellular concrete of sufficient length to extend between the cross beams and having spaces between their adjacent sides, filling means in the spaces and extending to the filling means of adjacent rows and around the ends of the supporting members and reinforcing means extending the length of the filling means. Y

8. A building construction comprising cross beams, a series of rows o'f elongated supporting members of cellular concrete of sufficient length to extend between the cross beams and having spaces between their adjacent sides, filling means in the spaces and extending to the filling means of adjacent rows and being integral with the mainbody of the g from the filling means of one row to the ing means of another row. In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my KARL PAULI BILLNER. 

